BS 7910:2019 Annex Q — Welding residual stress profile through thickness
Upper-bound through-thickness residual stress profiles for as-welded (non-PWHT) arc-welded joints, per BS 7910:2019 Annex Q. The profile is decomposed into membrane, bending and self-balancing components by full-section linearization. This is a simplified-assessment estimate; the total crack driving force (K_{rs} = K_m + K_b + K_{sb}) must be assembled with Annex M membrane/bending SIF magnifiers in the fracture-assessment engine.
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